In 2023, the journal Réseaux, published by Éditions La Découverte, published an issue entitled ‘Ethique de l’AI: enquêtes de terrain’. On this occasion Alain Loute and Gérald Gaglio published an article ‘The emergence of ethical issues during experiments with artificial intelligence software, the case of radiology.’

Article abstract:

This article brings together the sociology of innovation and the ethics of technology. It highlights the heuristic scope of the concept of experimentation for thinking about the ethics of Artificial Intelligence (AI), and this in the field of radiology. More specifically, we use three variations of the concept of experimentation (experiment in and with technology, tacit experiment) to describe and analyse four work environments where AI-based detection software (in senology and traumatology) is tested. We highlight the ways in which these devices are appropriated (or rejected), as well as the resulting ethical concerns, drawing on the derivatives of the concept of experimentation mentioned above. This AI ethic raises three sets of questions: the first concerns the steering, scope and learning process during these experiments, and ultimately their (more or less) democratic nature; the second concerns the accuracy of what this software delivers, and consequently the risks of error involved, in the context of delegation (